A client is, in organizational terms, an independent unit in the R/3 System. Each client has its own data environment and therefore its own master data and transaction data, assigned user master records and charts of accounts, and specific customizing parameters.
A user master record linked to the relevant client must be created for users to be able to log on to the system.
To protect access, a password is required for logon.
The password is hidden as you type (you only see asterisks).
SAP systems are available in several languages. Use the Language input field to select the logon language for each session.
Multiple logons are always logged in the system beginning with Release 4.6. This is for security as well as licensing reasons. A warning message appears if the same user attempts to log on twice or more. This message offers three options:
Continue with current logon and end any other logons in the system
Continue with current logon without ending any other logons in the system (logged in system)
Terminate current logon
Command field: You can use the command field to go to applications directly by entering the transaction code. You can find the transaction code either in the SAP Easy Access menu tree (see next slide) or in the relevant application under System® Status.
Menu bar: The menus shown here depend on which application you are working in. These menus contain cascading menu options.
Standard toolbar: The icons in the system function bar are available on all R/3 screens. Any icons that you cannot use on a particular screen are dimmed. If you leave the cursor on an icon for a moment, a small flag will appear with the name (or function) of that icon. You will also see the corresponding function key. The application toolbar shows you which functions are available in the current application.
Title bar: The title bar displays your current position and activity in the system.
Check boxes: Checkboxes allow you to select several options simultaneously within a group.
Radio buttons: Radio buttons allow you to select one option only.
Status bar: The status bar displays information on the current system status, for example, warning and error messages.
A tab provides a clearer overview of several information screens.
Options: You can set your font size, list colors, and so on here.
SAP Easy Access is the standard entry screen displayed after logon. Using the menu path Extras® Set start transaction you can select a transaction of your choice to be the default entry screen after logon.
You navigate through the system using a compact tree structure that you can adapt to your own specific requirements. Use the menu path Extras® Settings to change your view of the tree structure. You can use this to display technical names (transaction codes).
You can also create a Favorites list of the transactions, reports, files and Web sites you use most.
You can add items to your favorites list using the Favorites menu option or by simply dragging & dropping them with the mouse.
You can select system functions in the following ways:
Use the mouse to choose
Menu options
Favorites
Other options in the tree structure (tree control)
Use the keyboard (ALT + the underlined letter of the relevant menu option)
Enter a transaction code in the command field:
A transaction code (T-Code) is assigned to each function in R/3 (not each screen).
You can access the assigned transaction code from any screen in the R/3 System.
You can find the transaction code for the function you are working in under the Status option of the System menu.
For example, to display Accounts receivable master data, enter “/n” and the appropriate
transaction code (in this case “/nfd03”).
Other possible entries:
“/n” ends the current transaction. “/i” ends the current session.
“/osm04” creates a new session and goes to the transaction specified (SM04).
You can also use the keyboard to get to the command field. Use the CTRL + TAB key
combination to make the cursor move from one (input) field group to the next. Use TAB to move between fields within a group.
Use F1 for help on fields, menus, functions and messages.
F1 help also provides technical information on the relevant field. This includes, for example, the parameter ID, which you can use to assign values to the field for your user.
Use F4 for information on what values you can enter. You can also access F4 help for a selected field using the button immediately to the right of that field.
If input fields are marked with a small icon with a checkmark, then you can only continue in that application by entering a permitted value.
You can flag many fields in an application to make them either required entry fields or optional entry fields. You can also hide fields using transaction or screen variants or Customizing.
The R/3 System provides comprehensive online help. You can display the help from any screen in the system. You can always request help using the Help menu or using the relevant icon.
The Help menu contains the following options :
Application help: Displays comprehensive help on the current application. Selecting this menu option in the initial screen displays help on getting started with R/3.
SAP Library: This is where all online documentation can be found.
Glossary: Enables you to search for definitions of terms.
Release notes: Displays notes which describe functional changes that occur between R/3 releases.
SAPNet: Enables you to log on to SAPNet.
Feedback: Enables you to send a message to the SAPNet R/3 Frontend, SAP’s service system.
Settings: Enables you to select settings for help.
The System menu contains, among others, the following options:
Create/end session: Enables you to create and end sessions. You can work with up to 6 sessions at a time.
User profile: This is where you can enter user-specific settings.
Services: Takes you to important service functions (see below).
List: Contains important list functions, such as searching for character strings, saving in PC files, printing, and so on.
Status: Enables you to display important user and system data.
Log off: Ends the SAP R/3 session with a confirmation prompt.
The System ® Services menu contains, among others, the following options:
Reporting: Starts reports (ABAP programs).
Output controller: This is where you manage user-specific print requests.
Table maintenance: This is where you process tables and views.
Batch input: Administers batch input sessions and data transfer.
Jobs: This is where you can administer jobs that are processed in the background.
SAP Service: Enables you to log on to SAP’s SAPNet R/3 Frontend.
Use the menu option System® User profile® Own data to set your own personal profile. You can choose between the Address, Defaults and Parameters tabs.
Address: You can create and maintain personal data here, for example, name,function, room number, telephone number, e-mail addresses and so on.
Defaults: Defaults include the date display format, the decimal notation format, the default printer, the logon language, and so on.
Parameters: Use this to assign entries to commonly-used fields. This is only available for input fields that have been allocated a parameter ID.
Procedure for finding out a field’s Parameter ID: Go to the input field to which you want to assign a value. Choose F1, then the “Technical info” pushbutton. This opens a window that displays the corresponding parameter ID (if one has been allocated to the field) in the “Field data” section.
The User profile menu also contains, among others, the following options:
Hold data, Set data, Delete data. Use Hold data to keep data values that you have entered in fields in an application for the duration of a user session. When you call up the application again, you can overwrite these values. Once you have Set data , you can no longer overwrite these values and have to use Delete data if you want to enter different values.
Use the Table Settings function to change, in the table control, the individual basic table settings that are supplied with the system. This is particularly useful for tables where you do not need all the columns. You can use the mouse to drag & drop column positions and widths, or even make the column disappear.
Save the changed table settings as a variant. The number of different variants you can create per table is not restricted.
The first variant is called the basic setting; the SAP System defines this setting. You cannot delete the basic setting (you can delete the variants you define yourself).
The table settings are stored with your user name. The system uses the variant currently valid until you exit the relevant application. If you then select the application again, the system will use the standard settings valid for this table.
Note: you can change table settings wherever you see the table control icon in the top right-hand corner of a table.
The R/3 System provides numerous options for settings and adjustments:
Define default values for input fields
Hide screen elements
Deactivate screen elements (shaded out).
You can do this by, for example, defining transaction variants.
If you pre allocate all necessary parameters for parameter transactions, you do not need to go
through the initial screen.
These functions have been available in R/3 for several releases.
SAP now also includes the GuiXT. In addition to all the above functions, you can now:
Include graphics
Convert fields and add pushbuttons and text
Change input fields (or their F4 help results) into radio buttons
The GuiXT scripts are stored on the frontend. In accordance with local scripts, the GuiXT scripts determine how data sent from the application server is displayed. These scripts can be standard throughout a company, or they can be different for each frontend.
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